<aside> 📚 Notes from: SQL Ultimate Course by Data With Baraa — PDF 02 (Part 1)

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SQL Statement

A complete SQL statement is the full block of code you send to the database.

-- Retrieve Customers Data
SELECT
    name,
    LOWER(country)
FROM customers
WHERE country = 'Italy'

Anatomy of a SQL Statement

Comment

Text ignored by the engine — used to document your code.

• Single-line: -- this is a comment
• Multi-line: /* this is a comment */

Clauses

Sections of a SQL statement that each perform a specific function.

• SELECT clause — what columns to return
• FROM clause — which table to read from
• WHERE clause — filter condition

Keywords

Reserved words that have a special meaning in SQL.

• SELECT, FROM, WHERE, LOWER, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, HAVING, DISTINCT, TOP...

Functions